NO SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN CANADA OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION HAS EXPRESSED AN OPINION ABOUT CRYPTO CONTRACTS OR ANY OF THE CRYPTO ASSETS MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE PLATFORM (as hereinafter defined), INCLUDING AN OPINION THAT THE CRYPTO ASSETS ARE NOT THEMSELVES SECURITIES AND/OR DERIVATIVES.
Coinberry is offering Crypto Contracts in reliance on a prospectus exemption contained in the exemptive relief decisionRe Coinberry Limiteddated August 19, 2021. The statutory rights of action for damages and the right of rescission in section 130.1 of theSecurities Act(Ontario) and similar legislation in the other provinces and territories of Canada would not apply in respect of a misrepresentation in this Crypto Asset Statement or the Statement of Crypto Asset and Crypto Contract Risks.
Together with the Statement of Crypto Asset and Crypto Contract Risks, the provisions of which are incorporated herein, this Crypto Asset Statement, lists certain specified risks associated with The Graph. The risks identified in this Crypto Asset Statement and in the Statement of Crypto Asset and Crypto Contract Risks may not be all of the risks related to the Crypto Assets and Crypto Contracts and there may be other additional unknown risks, that may exist. As with any investment, the risks with cryptocurrencies are high and it is important that you understand the risks before you invest.
Background
The Graph is a protocol for indexing and querying data from blockchains, starting with Ethereum. Developers build applications with open APIs called subgraphs to easily access on-chain data that is indexed by a network of node operators. Subgraphs are open source so anyone can use the APIs to build decentralized applications. Many Ethereum applications have already built subgraphs and use them including Audius, Uniswap, Opyn, ENS, DAOstack, Synthetix, Moloch and more. Over 20,000 developers have contributed to developing subgraphs across more than 20 chains.
Due diligence
Coinberry has performed due diligence with respect to The Graph to satisfy itself as to the viability of offering it on the Platform. Our due diligence included, but was not limited to, a review of the following:
- Liquidity of the market
- Total market capitalization
- Timeline since token inception
- Token available for custody with existing custodians
- The current developer ecosystem
- Whether The Graph has been classified as a security or a derivative by any Canadian jurisdiction or the jurisdiction with which The Graph has the most significant connection
Risks Associated with Investing in The Graph
Underlying Value Risk
The Graph is a relatively new initiative, founded in 2018; some of the biggest blockchain networks such as Ethereum already use The Graph protocol. Hence, there may be barriers to adoption by other big networks. Furthermore, the price of The Graph fluctuates with the Gas fee or transactional fee, which has a strong relation to the demand and supply of The Graph as a coin and network. If these means of valuing The Graph prove to be fundamentally flawed, then the market may undergo a repricing of The Graph, which could have an adverse impact on its price.
Regulation of The Graph
The regulation of The Graph continues to evolve in North America and within foreign jurisdictions, which may restrict the use of The Graph or otherwise impact the demand for The Graph.
Volatility of The Graph
The risks of trading The Graph are high due to the unexpected changes in market sentiments which can lead to sharp and sudden movements in prices. It is not uncommon for the value of The Graph to quickly drop or rise thereby negatively or positively impacting your investment.
Loss of “Private Keys”
The loss or destruction of certain “private keys” (numerical codes required by Coinberry to access its The Graph) could prevent Coinberry from accessing its The Graph. Loss of these private keys may be irreversible and could result in the loss of all or substantially all crypto assets held in trust by Coinberry.
Your Holdings May Become Illiquid
You may not always be able to liquidate your The Graph at a desired price. It may become difficult to execute a trade at a specific price when there is a relatively small volume of buy and sell orders in the marketplace, including on The Graph trading platforms. Unexpected market illiquidity may cause major losses to the holders of The Graph. The large size of The Graph that Coinberry may hold increases the risks of illiquidity by both making The Graph difficult to liquidate and in liquidating, Coinberry may affect The Graph’s price significantly.
Improper Transfers
The Graph transfers are not currently supported by Coinberry. Crypto transfers are currently limited to the following coins: BTC, ETH, LTC and XRP (Buy/Sell not supported, existing holdings can be transferred out).
Risks Associated with The Graph Network
Dependence on The Graph Developers
While many contributors to The Graph’s software are employed by companies in the industry, most of them are not directly compensated for helping to maintain the protocol. As a result, there are no contracts or guarantees that they will continue to contribute to The Graph’s software.
Disputes on the Development of The Graph Network may lead to Delays in the Development of the Network
There can be disputes between contributors on the best paths forward in building and maintaining The Graph’s software. Furthermore, the miners supporting the network and companies using it can disagree with the contributors as well, creating greater debate. Therefore, The Graph community often iterates slowly upon contentious protocol issues, which many perceive as prudently conservative, while others worry that it inhibits innovation.
Significant Increase in The Graph Interest Could Affect the Ability of The Graph Network to Accommodate Demand
One of the most contentious issues within The Graph community has been around how to scale the network as user demand continues to rise. The debate goes back to the earliest days of The Graph. There are many possible solutions, and most of them boil down to different ideologies on how The Graph should be used. However, it will be important for the community to continue to develop at a pace that meets the demand for transacting in The Graph, otherwise, users may become frustrated and lose faith in the network.
Attacks on The Graph Network
The Graph Network is periodically subject to distributed denial of service attacks to clog the list of transactions being tabulated by miners, which can slow the confirmation of authentic transactions. Another avenue of attack would be if many miners were taken offline then it could take some time before the difficulty of the mining process algorithmically adjusts, which would stall block creation time and therefore transaction confirmation time. Thus far these scenarios have not plagued the network for long or in a systemic manner.
Competitors to The Graph
To the extent a competitor to The Graph gains popularity and greater market share, the use and price of The Graph could be negatively impacted, which may adversely affect its price.
Significant Energy Consumption to run The Graph Network
Because of the significant computing power required to mine The Graph, the network’s energy consumption may ultimately be deemed to be or indeed become unsustainable (barring improvements in efficiency which could be designed for the protocol). This could pose a risk to broader and sustained acceptance of the network as a peer-to-peer transactional platform.
Risks Associated with The Graph Trading Platforms
Regulation of The Graph Trading Platforms
The Graph trading platforms are spot markets in which The Graph can be exchanged for fiat currencies (CAD, USD, etc.). Coinberry seeks to ensure that The Graph trading platforms on which it transacts are reputable, stable, and operating in compliance with applicable laws.
Limited Operating History of The Graph Trading Platforms
The Graph trading platforms have a limited operating history. The potential for instability of The Graph trading platforms and the closure or temporary shutdown of exchanges due to fraud, business failure, hackers, distributed denial of service attacks or malware or government-mandated regulation may reduce confidence in The Graph, which may adversely affect its price.
Hacking of The Graph Trading Platforms May Have a Negative Impact on Perception of the Security of The Graph Network
While The Graph’s blockchain has never been compromised by hackers, exchanges frequently have. The Graph trading platforms that adhere to best practices are insured, and most of these have not been hacked, or if they have the loss has been minimal. The Graph’s price is at risk if a platform is hacked as it can shake consumer confidence for those that do not understand the difference between a weakness in the platform versus a weakness in The Graph and its blockchain.
Different Prices of The Graph on The Graph Trading Platforms
Most platforms operate as isolated pools of liquidity, and so when demand spikes for a specific platform the market price for The Graph on that platform can also spike, making it trade at a premium to other platforms. This tendency is common geographically, with Chinese platforms frequently trading at a premium to platforms in Europe or America.
Settlement of Transactions on The Graph Network
Upgrades by Ethereum to the Ethereum platform, a hard fork in the Ethereum platform, or a change in how transactions are confirmed on the Ethereum platform may have unintended, adverse effects on all blockchains using the ERC-20 standard, ERC-721 standard, or any other future Ethereum standard.
Risk Statement
Please make sure to review the Statement of Crypto Asset and Crypto Contract Risks for additional discussion of general risks associated with the Crypto Contracts and Crypto Assets made available on Coinberry.
Last Updated January 31, 2022
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